First in 2009, and again in 2011 and 2012, the IRS initiated the Offshore Voluntary Disclosure Program (OVDP), which is designed to encourage taxpayers with undisclosed foreign accounts to disclose all offshore accounts, bring themselves into full compliance with federal tax law, and reduce their exposure to criminal penalties that could flow from willful violation of the law. The most recent version of this program is an extension of the 2012 initiative.